Metformin 500mg Glycoheal 500 Tablets

Q1: What is Metformin 500mg (Glycoheal 500) used for?

Metformin 500mg is the first-line medication for type 2 diabetes in adults. It lowers blood sugar by reducing liver glucose production, improving muscle insulin sensitivity, and reducing intestinal glucose absorption.

Q2: How does Metformin work to lower blood sugar?

Metformin activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), which reduces gluconeogenic enzyme activity in the liver, decreasing excess glucose production. It also enhances GLUT4 transporter expression in muscle for better glucose uptake.

Q3: When should I take Metformin 500mg?

Take with meals (breakfast and/or dinner) to minimize gastrointestinal side effects like nausea and diarrhea. Starting with once daily and increasing gradually helps your body adjust.

Q4: What is the usual starting dose and titration?

Start with 500mg once daily with a meal for 1–2 weeks, then increase to 500mg twice daily. The dose can be increased every 1–2 weeks up to 2000–2550mg/day as tolerated, in divided doses.

Q5: Can Metformin cause low blood sugar?

Metformin alone very rarely causes hypoglycemia because it does not stimulate insulin release. Risk only increases when combined with sulfonylureas or insulin — your doctor may reduce those doses when adding Metformin.

Q6: What are the most common side effects?

Nausea, diarrhea, stomach upset, metallic taste, and decreased appetite are common when starting — usually temporary and improving within 2–4 weeks. Taking with food significantly reduces GI effects.

Q7: What is lactic acidosis and should I worry?

Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious risk from Metformin, mainly in patients with severe kidney or liver disease. Warning signs are unusual muscle pain, weakness, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Seek immediate care if these occur.

Q8: Is Metformin safe for kidney disease?

Metformin requires adequate kidney function. Not recommended if eGFR is below 30 ml/min. Between 30–45 ml/min, use cautiously with monitoring. Hold before contrast dye procedures and restart only after confirming renal function is normal.

Q9: Can I take Metformin during pregnancy?

Metformin is sometimes used for gestational diabetes under medical supervision, but insulin remains the preferred treatment for pregnancy in most guidelines. Discuss with your doctor if planning pregnancy.

Q10: Does Metformin cause vitamin B12 deficiency?

Long-term Metformin use reduces vitamin B12 absorption in some patients. Annual B12 level checks are recommended for patients on Metformin for more than 4 years, with supplementation if levels fall.

Q11: How should I store Metformin 500mg?

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep in original packaging. Do not store in a bathroom. Check expiry date before use.

Q12: Do I need a prescription for Metformin?

Yes, Metformin requires a prescription. Your doctor will check kidney function and assess your diabetes before prescribing the appropriate dose.